A number of sophisticated techniques are employed and expertise in the following areas provided:

• Handwriting - scientific comparison to   establish whether or not writings were   made by the same person

• Signatures - comparison to determine   genuine or forgery

• Detection of indented impressions by the ESDA technique -  to establish a link   between documents/find evidence regarding a document’s ‘history’ such as when   and how a document was produced

• Dating - examination/comparison to determine whether a document was   prepared on a purported date/period in time

• Establish the sequence of writings

• Decipherment of alterations, erasures, additions and obliterations

• Typescript - comparison to identify common machine/printer

• Examination of forged/counterfeit documents

• Comparison of inks by Video Spectral Comparator

• Examination/comparison of watermarks, postmarks and stamped   impressions

• Reassemble torn, damaged or shredded documents

• Determine whether photocopied documents were produced on the same   machine and/or specific machine